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December 20, 2007
Studen Loan Consolidation
The examples and perspective in this article or section may not represent a worldwide view of the subject studen loan. .
Please improve this article or discuss the issue on the talk page studen loan.
An expressive loan is a loanword incorporated into the expressive system of the borrowing language, making it resemble native words or onomatopoeia studen loan. Expressive loanwords are hard to identify, and by definition, they follow the common phonetic sound change patterns poorly studen loan. Likewise, there is a continuum between “pure” loanwords and “expressive” loanwords studen loan. The difference to a folk etymology is that a folk etymology is based on misunderstanding, whereas an expressive loan is changed on purpose, the speaker taking the loanword knowing full well that the descriptive quality is different from the original sound and meaning studen loan.
South-eastern Finnish, for example, has many expressive loans studen loan. The main source language, Russian, does not use the front rounded vowels “y”, “ä” or “ö” [y æ ø] studen loan. Thus, it is common to add these to redescriptivized loans to remove the degree of foreignness that the loanword would otherwise have studen loan. For example, tytinä “brawn” means “wobblyness”, and superficially it looks like a native construction, originating from the verb tutista “to wobble” added with a front vowel sound in the vowel harmony studen loan. However, it is expressivized from tyyteni (which is a confusing word as -ni is a possessive suffix), which in turn is a loanword from Russian stúden” studen loan. A bit more obvious example is tökötti “sticky, tarry goo”, which could be mistaken as a derivation from the onomatopoetic word tök (cf studen loan. the verb tökkiä “to poke”) studen loan. However, it is an expressive loan of Russian d”ogot” “tar” studen loan.
A newer example is the net slang word nyypiö, from English “newbie”, which Finnish speakers would hear “njyybi” studen loan. The meaning of nyypiö is distinct from “newbie” due to several reasons:
- -io/-iö has its own connotations, e studen loan.g studen loan. tampio “a stupid person”
- nysvätä means “to idle”, for example during an instant messaging session
- hyypiö means “a creepy person”
With the help of these connotations, the reader can be guided towards the correct meaning, even if he does not recognize the word “newbie” from nyypiö studen loan. Actually, one of the reasons to redescriptivize is to add a native touch to the word, preventing the mere repetition of foreign concepts studen loan.
